According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on the 17th, the total population of mainland China (including 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and the People’s Liberation Army active duty soldiers, excluding Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province and overseas Chinese) at the end of 2019 was 1.4005 million , An increase of 4.67 million over the end of the previous year.
In 2019, the number of births was 14.65 million, with a birth rate of 10.48 ‰; the number of deaths was 9.98 million, and the death rate was 7.14 ‰; the natural population growth rate was 3.34 ‰.
It is worth noting that the decline in the number of births throughout the year has eased. The total number of births in 2019 was 580,000 fewer than in 2018, and the number of births in 2018 was 2 million fewer than in 2017.
From the perspective of urban and rural structure, the urban resident population was 84.843 million, an increase of 17.06 million from the end of the previous year; the rural resident population was 55.162 million, a decrease of 12.39 million; the proportion of the urban population in the total population (urbanization rate) was 60.60%, which was 60.60% higher than the end of the previous year. Increased by 1.02 percentage points.
In addition, the data shows that by the end of 2019, the total population of mainland China exceeded 1.4 billion, of which 71.527 million were males and 68.478 million were females. The total population sex ratio was 104.45 (100 for women).
The sex ratio of the total population has been declining for many years. The total population sex ratio was 105.02 in 2015, 104.98 in 2016, 104.81 in 2017, and 104.64 in 2018. The data also showed that in 2006, there were 40.08 million more men than women in mainland China, and the gap gradually narrowed. By 2019, the gap between men and women has dropped to 30.49 million.
Chen Yao, vice president and secretary-general of the China Regional Economics Association, said that a total population of more than 1.4 billion would push China ’s domestic demand market to the next level of potential advantages, and China ’s population and resource dividends need to be further tapped. At the same time, the urbanization rate exceeding 60% is also of great significance, which is an important symbol of China’s urbanization.
Chen Jian, deputy chairman of the China Society for Reform of the Economic System, said that one of the important reasons for the continued decline in the number of men and women in recent years is the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy. The ratio of male and female newborn children is more balanced than in the past. improve.
“Although the gap of more than 30 million is still very large in numbers, it is caused by the accumulation of historical problems. Now that the fertility policy is gradually being improved, families will be able to return to rational choices of children’s sex choices, and the future total population sex The ratio will continue to decline and eventually reach a normal and reasonable range. “Chen Jian said.